CNDSN March 6th news (reporter Shen Jie)] mentioned pyramid selling, everybody is not strange, now a little common sense will not believe, along with the development of the Internet, a package after the model of pyramid schemes -- a Ponzi scheme, it draws on traditional MLM experiences and lessons in development and, quietly all rise, but a significant number of people are deceived, even love and divorce, family and friends turn, was cast aside, to play the Jackal to the tiger finally embarked on a road of no return. This station received netizens report, opened the financial pyramid ancestor -- "Ponzi scheme" veil.

调查：庞氏骗局的历史根源

Survey: the historical roots of a Ponzi scheme.

庞氏骗局是对金融领域投资诈骗的称呼，金字塔骗局的始祖，很多非法的传销集团就是用这一招聚敛钱财的，这种骗术是一个名叫查尔斯·庞兹的投机商人“发明”的。庞氏骗局在中国又称“拆东墙补西墙”，“空手套白狼”。简言之就是利用新投资人的钱来向老投资者支付利息和短期回报，以制造赚钱的假象进而骗取更多的投资。例如：最近备受争议的旅游直销WV梦幻之旅便就是利用庞氏骗局套取游客的金钱。庞氏骗局属于20世纪最典型的骗局之一，也是许多投机骗局的根源，在此基础之上可以演变为：彩票骗局，征婚骗局等。

Ponzi scheme is the financial sector investment fraud call, ancestor of Pyramid scheme, a lot of illegal pyramid selling group are using this trick to amass wealth, this trick was a man named Charles Ponzi speculators "invention". Ponzi scheme in China also known as "rob Peter to pay Paul", "empty set of the white wolf". In a nutshell is the use of new investors money to old investors to pay interest and short-term returns, to create money illusion and cheat more investment. For example: the recent controversial tourism direct WV Dream Tour he is using a Ponzi scheme taking tourists money. Ponzi scheme belongs to one of the most typical fraud in twentieth Century, is the origin of many speculative scam, on this basis can be evolved into: lottery scam, marriage fraud etc..

追踪：庞氏骗局传销的手段

Tracking: Ponzi pyramid means

庞氏骗局往往利用每个受害者的投机心理，好比是一场赌博，只不过这场赌博在传销人的口中风险却是很小的，他们会告诉你这是一个小额投资理财，投入成本并不大，但随着你日后的积累，回报会越来越高，级别是按星级来分，这个星级的级别是按份额来评定，这一个份额就是3300元左右，所以只要你投资3300元，就拥有一个份额，这个星级标准和份额是这样的：1星（1-2），2星（3-9），3星（10-64），4星（65-599），5星（600以上）。同时，他们会让你直接买21个份额，也就是大约7万左右，这样一来，你直接就是三星的身份加入，省去了之前两星的环节。并且按照比例，你下个月就能直接拿到19000元的提成，也就是说，你的实际投入也就是5万元，这是三星的标准。那么，怎样才能达到4星，很简单，只要满足两个条件，第一：你的份额达到65份（这65份额是可以包括你的下线的）。第二：你下面至少有两个人达到3星的标准。满足这两个条件，你次月就能晋升4星。那么，4星如何到5星，也是两个条件：第一：有600个份额；第二：下面有三名都达到4星的标准，你就是5星了。

Ponzi schemes often use each victim's psychological speculation, like a gamble, but the gamble in MLM people mouth risk is very small, they will tell you it is a small investment, investment cost is not large, but with your future accumulation, return will be more and more high according to the star, level is divided, the star level evaluation is according to the share, the share is a 3300 yuan, so as long as you invest 3300 yuan, have a share, the star standard and share is this: the 1 stars (1-2), 2 star (3-9), 3 (10-64), 4 (65-599), 5 star (more than 600). At the same time, they will let you directly to buy 21 shares, or about 70000 or so, so, you directly is Samsung joined, eliminating the two link before. And in accordance with the proportion of next month, you can directly get 19000 yuan Commission, that is to say, the actual investment to you is 50000 yuan, this is Samsung standard. So, how can we reach the star, is very simple, as long as meet two conditions, the first: you share reached 65 (the 65 share is can include your offline). Second: you here at least two people achieve 3-star standard. To meet these two conditions, you can promotion 4 next month. Then, 4 how to 5 star, is also the two conditions: the first: there are 600 share; second: below three are reached four-star standard, you are the 5 stars.

然而，天下并没有好赚的钱，跟传统倒金字塔传销不同的是，这种骗局会有出局制度，5星的人到了最顶端，是要出局的，也就是说，每个人最多也就只能赚到800万到1000万之间，就要出局，让下面的人继续顶上，出局的人想在加入，需要从头再来，所以，这是一个很公平，人人都有机会的投资游戏，看似非常合理的资本运作，其实就是一场敛财的庞氏骗局。

However, the world is not a good money, unlike the traditional Pyramid inverted pyramid is, this scam will be out system, 5 star people to the top, to exit, that is to say, each person can also earn only 8000000 to 10000000, will be out, let the people keep go on, out of the people want to join in, need to start from scratch, so, this is a very fair, everyone has the opportunity of investment game, seemingly very reasonable capital operation, is actually a wealth of Ponzi scheme.

Debunking: Ponzi scheme change from the Pope

“当局者迷，旁观者清”用来形容所有传销受害者再合适不过了。骗局都是由共性的，当然作为发展了一百多年的庞氏骗局也是一样，例如：低风险、高回报的反投资规律；拆东墙、补西墙的资金腾挪回补特征；投资诀窍的不可知和不可复制性；投资的反周期性特征等都是金融传销能够长期发展下去的“资本”。同样，为了支付先加入投资者的高额回报，“庞氏骗局”也必须不断地发展下线，通过利诱、劝说、亲情、人脉等方式吸引越来越多的投资者参与，从而形成“金字塔”式的投资者结构。塔尖的少数知情者通过榨取塔底和塔中的大量参与者而谋利。即便是高深莫测的纳斯达克前董事会主席麦道夫也免不了拉拢下线的俗套，大量利用朋友、家人和生意伙伴发展“下线”，有的人因成功“引资”而获取佣金，“下线”又发展新“下线”，滚雪球式的壮大为“金字塔”结构。

"Standers-by see more than gamesters." is used to describe all MLM victim again appropriate. The scam is by common, of course, as the development of more than a hundred years of Ponzi scheme is the same, for example: anti investment rules of low risk, high return; rob Peter to pay Paul funds maneuvers, anaplerotic characteristics; investment know-how unknowable and non replicability; investment counter cyclical characteristics are financial pyramid scheme to long-term development on the "capital". Similarly, in order to pay to join the high returns to investors, "Ponzi scheme" must continually development off the assembly line, through persuasion, inducement, affection, contacts and other ways to attract more and more investors to participate in, to form a "Pyramid" structure type of investors. The spires of the few people to squeeze through a large number of participants and tower bottom and profit. Even if is too profound to be understood in the former NASDAQ chairman Madoff also inevitably referrals stereotypes, the extensive use of friends, family and business partners in the development of "line", some people because of the success of "foreign capital" and gets a commission, "line" and "line", the development of new rolling snow ball type to grow into a "Pyramid" structure.

危害：庞氏骗局屡犯世界大案

Hazard: the Ponzi scheme of world major repeat offenders

较之一般的金融诈骗，“庞氏骗局”受害者更多，影响面更广，危害程度更深，隐蔽性更强，具有更大的社会危害。然而“庞氏骗局”固有的金字塔型投资者结构和欺骗拉拢下线的传销方式决定了受害者必须达到一定规模，方能有效维系骗局所需的现金流，因此，被卷入庞氏骗局的受害者不仅多，而且被骗金额巨大，例如：2013年8月，上海泛鑫保险代理有限公司美女老板陈怡巧借庞氏骗局骗取了3000余名被害人，实际涉嫌金额8亿元；哥伦比亚“金字塔骗局”受害人数达200万之多，涉案金额达8亿美元。

Compared with the general financial fraud, "Ponzi scheme" more victims, the impact of broader, deeper harm degree, more concealment, has a greater social harm. However, the "Pyramid type structure of investors and deceive the inherent Ponzi scheme" referrals MLM method decides the victim must reach a certain size, can effectively maintain the hoax needed cash flow, therefore, was involved in victims of Ponzi schemes are not only many, but deceived amount is huge, for example: in 2013 August, Shanghai pan Xin Insurance Agency Limited Beauty boss Chen Yi skillfully by Ponzi scheme to defraud the more than 3000 victims, the actual suspected of the amount of 800000000 yuan; Columbia "Pyramid scheme" the number of victims up to more than 2000000, involving a value of $800000000.

这些都是数据，而庞氏骗局一旦泛滥，会给社会造成深层影响，不仅会影响我国金融稳定，还会给投资者信心造成致命打击。以麦道夫弊案为例，由于大量的金融机构卷入其中，造成金融机构的客户对金融机构丧失信任感，引发大规模的连锁诉讼，使已经遭受金融海啸重创的华尔街再添新伤。因此，遏制庞氏骗局的泛滥，不仅需要依靠政府完善法律与采用行政手段，还需要每个参与金融活动的人，切勿心生投资取巧之念，造成不可挽回的损失。

These are the data, while the Ponzi scheme once spread, will produce deep influence to the society, not only will affect the financial stability of our country, but also cause a fatal blow to the confidence of investors. In the Madoff scandal as an example, due to a large number of financial institutions involved, causing the customers of financial institutions of financial institutions lost trust, cause a chain of large-scale action, make have been hit hard by the financial tsunami in Wall Street and then add new injury. Therefore, to curb the prevalence of Ponzi scheme, not only need to rely on the government to improve the legal and using administrative means, also need to each participating in the financial activities of the people, not heart investment tricky to read, irreparable damage.