2016-03-03 14:37
NPC and CPPCC held medicine into a hot topic
[straight news network Beijing on March 3 news] (Bio Valley) the annual "two sessions" is about to pull open prelusive, from all over the country the NPC deputies and CPPCC members in recently will be arrived in succession. This "medicine" as an important industry that related to the annual "beneficial to the people's livelihood, NPC and CPPCC" will become one of the hot topics indispensable.
"The price of drugs" medicine industry as an important factor in the process of operation, in recent years popular concern. People "see a doctor difficult and expensive problems appeared to ease after the introduction of centralized bidding and purchasing", "drug addition zero slip" etc. a series of policy, drug prices on the surface has also been a number of "price".
In order to more in-depth understanding, people need to know the drug price in China is currently in a state of what? Continue to "drop" prices, in the long run, will really good? How to distribute the drug price in China "right to develop" as much as possible to achieve the interests of all?
The drug price in China
"The common complaint that drug prices rose too fast" problem has been people.
Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of China's pharmaceutical industry, annual per capita consumption level of drugs from the beginning of reform and opening up 30 yuan, up to 2016 606 yuan, drug prices with the improvement of people's living standards and improved constantly. Such as in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae from 27 yuan a kilogram rose to the highest 360 yuan a kilogram, Radix from 3 yuan rose to the highest 30 yuan, and these medicines finally to the hands of the people, I do not know how to turn over how many times.
Drug retail price is much higher than the price, it has become a common phenomenon in our country.
China's drug price reached the following ratio: Chinese medicine prices generally retail price of 20%~25%, chemicals for 10%~20%, very few below 10%. That is to say, the drug retail price is generally 4~10 times the price of the factory, or even more.
In recent years, our country has issued relevant policies which, how is the effect?
1 "bidding"
Since the "bidding" policy implementation, appraise the sound never stop. Praise is "easy access to price discount good service", "unity of procurement policy", "the procurement function concentration", "standard", "easy to plan as a whole" and so on; derogatory is "waste a lot of manpower, material and financial resources", "poor timeliness", easy to breed corruption "etc..
"Bidding" is "to reduce the purchasing cost guarantee basic medical drugs", "public hospital procurement activities under the effective government supervision, standardize purchasing behavior etc.. "Bidding" as an important step in drug price reform, from the aspects of macro control, the "big" behind the need to redouble the hardships to success.
2 "zero profit drug addition"
In recent years, the implementation of "public hospital drug addition zero profit sales pilot work is gradually carried out. In 2006, development and Reform Commission issued regulations: selling drugs in medical institutions at county level and above, to the actual purchase price based, Shun and no more than 15% of the increase rate pricing, in increase rate on the basis of income for drug addition. In April 2012, the general office of the State Council issued notice "to deepen the reform of the medical and health system in 2012 the main work arrangements", stating that the public hospital reform will cancel the drug addition to and realize the separation of medicine, cut off the interest chain of medicine.
Separation of medicine, drugs "zero slip sales policy in the short term can reduce drug costs, but in the long run does not relieve masses burden of drug costs. Cancel 15% drug addition, while increasing the price of some medical services, for patients, the price is the same. "Zero slip" the purpose is to reduce the rebate, and ease of rebates only this, how to make the drug profits "rationalization", "health", perhaps will be more "fundamental".
3 cancel "the highest price"
In addition to the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is still temporarily by the national development and Reform Commission to implement the highest ex factory price and the maximum retail price management, to other government pricing of drugs are to be canceled. No longer the implementation of the highest retail price management, in accordance with the principle of classification management, through different ways by the market price formation. The purpose is to give full play to the market and the government "two hands", the establishment of a scientific and rational price formation mechanism.
In the past in order to curb drug prices unreasonable increases, setting the highest price in a certain extent, play a positive role, now with the Medicare price control ability strengthens gradually, all public hospital drug shall be through the province's centralized bidding and procurement to determine, price competition among pharmaceutical companies becomes more and more fierce. In the control of these three factors, the policy adjustment, generally does not exist in the objective conditions that drug prices rose sharply.
4 "play to control health care costs"
Medicare to pay the total control, referred to as controlling health care costs "refers to the health insurance mechanism on the basis of historical data and the fund's income, to determine the total expenditure of the fund, at the same time, the target decomposition to the medical insurance designated hospitals, in the fixed income support, balance of payments, a slight balance principle, the" balance of retained, cost overruns sharing. " Its purpose is not to increase the overall medical costs at the same time, let the patient get treatment more standardized and reasonable use of limited medical resources, let the people enjoy more high-quality medical services.
The health department in conjunction with the relevant departments in the investigation of drug actual market transaction price on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the health insurance fund and patient factors such as the capacity of the medical insurance payment standard drug. Payment standard in the new Medicare drug formulation before the announcement, the medical insurance fund according to the current policy of temporary pay. Good convergence of health insurance, bidding and purchasing policy coordination, promote medical institutions and retail pharmacies to take the initiative to reduce the purchase price. Designated medical institutions and medical insurance, to pharmacies should submit the drug price department actual purchase price, retail price and purchase quantity of information. Promote the reform of the medical insurance payment, the intrinsic incentive mechanism establish rational administration of medical institutions, reasonable treatment, reduce patient burden.
The price cuts, damage the interests of anyone?
1 upstream pharmaceutical enterprises
Pharmaceutical companies as the upper reaches of the circulation of drugs, each producing, selling a drug, not only spend raw material costs, personnel costs, a variety of business operating costs and pre heavily in R & D expenses and technology transfer purchase costs into expensive. Drug pricing is too low, sometimes not only cost can not be recovered, even no profit at all.
The price is too low to cause the drug shortage problem often staged in recent years. A lot of commonly used drugs, cheap drugs has been difficult to buy, not necessarily the effect as good as new drugs, but low prices lead to manufacturers unprofitable, even can not recover the cost, in desperation, correlation of the tender has been pharmaceutical enterprises have chosen to stop production, resulting in market shortage of medicines, life-saving drugs can not buy.
The pharmaceutical industry depressed for a long time, it will also be lead to the collapse of some small and medium enterprises or mergers, and when large pharmaceutical companies through its own accumulation funds carry over this streak, further acquisitions of small businesses, whether it will form a monopoly in the industry, also never know. If the drug monopoly, the final "victim" or the people who.
Downstream of the 2 medical institutions
Of course, a series of policies will directly affect drug distribution downstream of the ~ of medical institutions. Medical institutions due to the long accustomed to a "to raise the medical medicine" survival mode, suddenly cut off its long-standing economic sources, may cause doctor of medicine no longer "cold" phenomenon, which for old drugs with new and the publicity and promotion of new drugs is significantly negative, in the long run, natural environment is not conducive to the development of pharmaceutical industry in our country.
For China's medical institutions, "to raise the medical medicine" is an important part of the source of its economic, prices reduced, plus zero slip sales of the drug policy will directly influence to the economic operation of the medical institutions. With the increase of population, the average number of medical treatment, medical institutions need more economic sources for the payment of daily medical equipment purchase costs, high maintenance costs and non permanent staff expenses etc.. Although the government will support in many ways, but this way, economic independence and the flexibility of medical institutions will be greatly reduced.
The price right who is more conducive to the interests of the parties to balance?
1 government
First, prices are in a state of control. From of reform and opening to the outside world "three price management" (ex factory price, wholesale price and retail price) to the 1996 "price control system, the national government has been in the different layers in the face of the drug price intervention, the CPC price up to more than 30 times. In this process, the state promulgated the "on the reform of drug price management advice", "drug pricing measures", "government" and "price list of drug price difference rules" and other relevant documents.
Market individual pharmaceutical enterprises or between enterprises of a variety of sales monopoly government drug prices, although relatively lack in flexibility, but after all, is the macro-control, in a certain extent can effectively prevention from the. And enterprise, after all, is for the purpose of profit, the for profit pursuing some time is beyond the control of, when to the authority over the real need, once the formation of monopoly, the people then complain incessantly. Once the price making power to the market in the past few years, "Limin" effect is not obvious, so appropriate government intervention, perhaps must exist.
2 market
In recent years, the country is decentralization. May 2015, the national development and Reform Commission issued "about issued to promote the drug price reform advice notice", let the sensitive issue of drug prices determined by the market. Most of the medicine at present in our country government has canceled the drug pricing, the actual transaction price is formed by market competition, production operators according to production and management costs and market supply and demand situation, independent pricing.
However, the market pricing, are often difficult to obtain people's identity. Distance is only tens of meters and even door-to-door, two pharmacies with a drug prices can be much worse, market pricing is the result of this? Drug prices by the market to decide. In fact, this is not to pharmaceutical companies and pharmacies directly to retail face independent public, but by Medicare or centralized procurement buyers formation force, in other words, as long as it is public through health care pharmacies, whether it is in which pharmacies should be when price is health care. For the non Medicare pharmacy, although the price can be more flexible, but also does not mean free pricing.
In drug prices in the ownership, market pricing currently seems to be a trend, and national direction is in decentralization. Decentralization ethical although be the manifestation of the government, but not as, letting the market to wanton control drug prices, appropriate intervention may be more beneficial.
Looking forward to this year's two sessions in the "prices" of this "chronic illness can is given with groundbreaking proposals and measures, more vigorous and healthy the medical cause in our country sustainable development down.
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